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Explaining China's Low Consumption

Explaining China's Low Consumption »

Article

Source: Explaining China's Low Consumption : The Neglected Role of Household Income

Volume/Issue: 2007/181

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): Jahangir Aziz , and Li Cui

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 01 July 2007

ISBN: 9781451867459

Keywords: Financing Constraints, Rebalancing Growth, employment growth, employment, household income, household survey, national accounts,

The Chinese government has recently focused on the need to increase consumption to rebalance the economy. A widely held view is that despite China's remarkably high growth, the share of consumption in total expendi...

Global Relative Poverty

Global Relative Poverty »

Article

Source: Global Relative Poverty

Volume/Issue: 2009/93

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): Lynge Nielsen

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 01 April 2009

ISBN: 9781451872408

Keywords: Relative poverty, global income inequality, poverty line, poverty analysis, official poverty,

The paper provides estimates of global relative poverty trends from 1970 onwards. Relative poverty is shown to have decreased significantly, but at the same time there has been a worsening poverty outcome among up...

Mitigating the Social Costs of the Economic Crisis and the Reform Programs in Asia

Mitigating the Social Costs of the Economic Crisis and the Reform Programs in Asia »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 1998/7

Series: IMF Policy Discussion Papers

Author(s): Marijn Verhoeven , Sanjeev Gupta , Gerd Schwartz , Calvin McDonald , Željko Bogetic , and Christian Schiller

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 01 June 1998

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451971408.003

ISBN: 9781451971408

Keywords: Asia, Financial crisis, Social policy, Poverty, social safety nets, social impact, unemployment, disability, price increases, safety nets

This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the likely social impact of the economic crisis and the reform programs in three Asian countries-Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand. The focus is on likely changes in real...

Nepal - Assessment Letter for the Asian Development Bank

Nepal - Assessment Letter for the Asian Development Bank »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2008/001

Series: Policy Papers

Author(s): International Monetary Fund

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 10 January 2008

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781498334075.007

ISBN: 9781498334075

Keywords: Asian Development Bank, Assessment letters, Currency pegs, Economic growth, Accounting, Auditing, Bank licensing, Banking systems, Banks, Budget coverage

Assessment Letters or Statements may be prepared for member countries with Fund-supported programs; receiving Fund emergency assistance; with staff-monitored programs; or surveillance-only cases. They are typically...

Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust - 2017 Borrowing Agreements with the Bank of Spain, the Government of Japan and the People's Bank of China

Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust - 2017 Borrowing Agreements with the Bank of Spain, the Government of Japan and the People's Bank of China »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2017/050

Series: Policy Papers

Author(s): International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept.

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 05 September 2017

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781498346870.007

ISBN: 9781498346870

Keywords: Borrowing, Borrowing agreements, Poverty reduction, SDR interest rates, Interest rates, Debt service schedule, Balance of payments need, NPA, paragraph, GTC

the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT or Trust), has entered into a new borrowing agreement with the Bank of Spain (Spain), amendments to the 2010 NPA with the Government of Japan (Japan), and a new note pur...

Review of the Fund's Transparency Policy

Review of the Fund's Transparency Policy »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2009/082

Series: Policy Papers

Author(s): International Monetary Fund

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 26 October 2009

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781498335287.007

ISBN: 9781498335287

Keywords: Fund policies, Publications, Transparency, Civil society organizations, Financial sector surveillance, Exchange rate assessments, Poverty reduction strategy, Foreign exchange intervention, staff report, archive policy

The Fund has come a long way since the inception of its policy toward increased openness some ten years ago. Most Board documents are now published; the volume of information in the Fund's archives has increased si...

Redesigning the Contours of the Future Financial System

Redesigning the Contours of the Future Financial System »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2010/10

Series: IMF Staff Position Notes

Author(s): Laura Kodres , and Aditya Narain

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 16 August 2010

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781462388882.004

ISBN: 9781462388882

Keywords: Bank supervision, Banks, Financial instruments, Financial institutions, Risk management, Multilateral surveillance, Nonbank financial sector, Global Financial Crisis 2008-2009, Fund role, Crises

This paper explores the private- and public-sector responses to the crisis and some of the probable outcomes. Aside from improved supervision of individual institutions, greater emphasis needs to be put on financia...

Explaining China's Low Consumption : The Neglected Role of Household Income

Explaining China's Low Consumption : The Neglected Role of Household Income »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2007/181

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): Jahangir Aziz , and Li Cui

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 01 July 2007

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451867459.001

ISBN: 9781451867459

Keywords: Financing Constraints, Rebalancing Growth, employment growth, employment, household income, household survey, national accounts,

The Chinese government has recently focused on the need to increase consumption to rebalance the economy. A widely held view is that despite China's remarkably high growth, the share of consumption in total expendi...

Global Relative Poverty

Global Relative Poverty »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2009/93

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): Lynge Nielsen

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 01 April 2009

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451872408.001

ISBN: 9781451872408

Keywords: Relative poverty, global income inequality, poverty line, poverty analysis, official poverty,

The paper provides estimates of global relative poverty trends from 1970 onwards. Relative poverty is shown to have decreased significantly, but at the same time there has been a worsening poverty outcome among up...

Poverty Alleviation in a Financial Programming Framework : An Integrated Approach

Poverty Alleviation in a Financial Programming Framework : An Integrated Approach »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 1995/29

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): Sheetal Chand , and Parthasarathi Shome

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 01 March 1995

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451844740.001

ISBN: 9781451844740

Keywords: poverty line, financial programming, balance of payments, financial programming model, poverty alleviation

Poverty alleviation is typically addressed in financial programming through additive programs that target vulnerable groups but without modifying the underlying stabilization and adjustment targets. Instead, this p...