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Appendix 1: A Methodology for Assessing Systemic Trade Interconnectedness34 »
Source: Changing Patterns of Global Trade
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Nagwa Riad , Luca Errico , Christian Henn , Christian Saborowski , Mika Saito , and Jarkko Turunen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 09 January 2012
ISBN: 9781616352073
Keywords: Emerging markets, Developed countries, International trade, Trade integration, supply chain, gross exports, trade flows, global trade, technology exports
The cross-border transmission of shocks takes place through two main channels: the financial channel and the trade channel. The global crisis has drawn renewed attention to the former with recent IMF Executi...
Appendix 5: Data and Modeling Strategy »
Source: Changing Patterns of Global Trade
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Nagwa Riad , Luca Errico , Christian Henn , Christian Saborowski , Mika Saito , and Jarkko Turunen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 09 January 2012
ISBN: 9781616352073
Keywords: Emerging markets, Developed countries, International trade, Trade integration, supply chain, gross exports, trade flows, global trade, technology exports
The objective of this exercise is to quantify at a high level of product detail the implications of sectoral and supply chain linkages on the trade impact of relative price changes. The model employed for th...
Appendix 3: Definition of Concepts Related to Export Analysis »
Source: Changing Patterns of Global Trade
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Nagwa Riad , Luca Errico , Christian Henn , Christian Saborowski , Mika Saito , and Jarkko Turunen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 09 January 2012
ISBN: 9781616352073
Keywords: Emerging markets, Developed countries, International trade, Trade integration, supply chain, gross exports, trade flows, global trade, technology exports
The Export Similarity Index (ESI) measures the extent of overlap in countries’ export structures and thus provides a sense of the competitive pressures faced by countries at differe...
Appendix 2: Measures Used to Characterize Global Supply Chains »
Source: Changing Patterns of Global Trade
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Nagwa Riad , Luca Errico , Christian Henn , Christian Saborowski , Mika Saito , and Jarkko Turunen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 09 January 2012
ISBN: 9781616352073
Keywords: Emerging markets, Developed countries, International trade, Trade integration, supply chain, gross exports, trade flows, global trade, technology exports
Various measures can be used to characterize global supply chains. Hummels, Ishii, and Yi (2001) were the first to measure the value of imported contents embodied in a country’s exp...
Appendix 6: Measuring the Impact of Relative Price Changes on the Current Account Balance »
Source: Changing Patterns of Global Trade
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Nagwa Riad , Luca Errico , Christian Henn , Christian Saborowski , Mika Saito , and Jarkko Turunen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 09 January 2012
ISBN: 9781616352073
Keywords: Emerging markets, Developed countries, International trade, Trade integration, supply chain, gross exports, trade flows, global trade, technology exports
Changes in a country’s exports obtained in the simulation described in Appendix 2 are fed back into the current account balance relative to GDP in two ways. First a fall in exports...
Appendix 4: New Drivers of Global Trade: Key Stylized Facts »
Source: Changing Patterns of Global Trade
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Nagwa Riad , Luca Errico , Christian Henn , Christian Saborowski , Mika Saito , and Jarkko Turunen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 09 January 2012
ISBN: 9781616352073
Keywords: Emerging markets, Developed countries, International trade, Trade integration, supply chain, gross exports, trade flows, global trade, technology exports
Changes in export composition by trading partner strongly reflect the emergence of EMEs (Figure A4.1). As a consequence, those countries more strongly exposed to EMEs generally expe...
Avoiding the New Mediocre: Raising Long-Term Growth in the Middle East and Central Asia »
Source: Avoiding the New Mediocre : Raising Long-Term Growth in the Middle East and Central Asia
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Pritha Mitra , Amr Hosny , Gohar Minasyan , Mark Fischer , and Gohar Abajyan
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 22 March 2016
ISBN: 9781513572710
Keywords: Middle East and Central Asia, Fiscal policy, environment, oil, productivity, growth, employment, long-term growth, capital, labor
Raising the Middle East and Central Asia's long-term growth prospects is critical for meeting the region's pressing need for jobs and higher living standards....
Building Resilient Banking Sectors in the Caucasus and Central Asia »
Source: Building Resilient Banking Sectors in the Caucasus and Central Asia
Volume/Issue: 2018/8
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Mercedes Vera Martin , Tarak Jardak , Robert Tchaidze , Juan Trevino , and Helen Wagner
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 06 July 2018
ISBN: 9781484360774
Keywords: Central Asia and the Caucasus, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Middle East, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Economic conditions
External shocks since 2014-lower oil prices and slower growth in key trading partners-have put financial sectors, mainly banks, in the eight Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) countries under increased stress. E...
The Caucasus and Central Asia: Transitioning to Emerging Markets »
Source: The Caucasus and Central Asia : Transitioning to Emerging Markets
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 10 April 2014
ISBN: 9781484305140
Keywords: Energy sector, Emerging markets, Financial sector, Economic growth, Bank supervision, Political economy, Fiscal reforms, Fiscal policy, Monetary policy, Middle East and Central Asia
The countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA) have recorded significant macroeconomic achievements since independence. These countries have grown more rapidly--on average by 7 percent over 1996-2011--than th...
Changing Patterns of Global Trade »
Source: Changing Patterns of Global Trade
Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers
Author(s): Nagwa Riad , Luca Errico , Christian Henn , Christian Saborowski , Mika Saito , and Jarkko Turunen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Publication Date: 09 January 2012
ISBN: 9781616352073
Keywords: Emerging markets, Developed countries, International trade, Trade integration, supply chain, gross exports, trade flows, global trade, technology exports
Changing Patterns of Global Trade outlines the factors underlying important shifts in global trade that have occurred in recent decades. The emergence of global supply chains and their increasing role in trade patt...